Mars is fourth from the Sun and is 34 million miles from Earth. Mars atmosphere consists of 95.32% Carbon Dioxide, 2.7 Nitrogen, 0.13 Oxygen, 0.07 Carbon Monoxide, 0.03 Water Vapor, and Trace amounts of Neon, Krypton, Xenon, Ozone, and Methane. Mars weighs 1,415,037,029,833,630,027,874,304 pounds and Mars has 2 moons called Phobos and Deimos, they are proved to be asteroids that were captured by Mars gravitational pull and it has no rings. It takes 687 days or 1.8808476 years to go around the Sun and it takes 24 hours and 37 minutes for a day to go by.
Mars Myths and Legends
Mars was a major Roman deity second only to Jupiter in the Roman pantheon. He began as a protector of agriculture but later became the god of war, honored throughout the realm of the conquering Romans. The Romans admired Greek culture and absorbed Greek deities into their own. They came to identify their own war god, Mars, with the Greek war god, Ares, but Mars was a more dignified and popular figure. According to legend, Juno, the queen of the gods, gave birth to Mars after being touched by a magic plant. He was originally associated with vegetation and fertility. As the Romans became increasingly warlike, Mars gradually became the God of War.
One of the most enduring myths about Mars is that intelligent life
could be found there. Oddly enough, this notion began with a simple
mistake in translation. When Giovanni Schiaparelli, a nineteenth-century
Italian astronomer, described his view of the planet, he said he saw
canali, the Italian word for "channels." This was incorrectly translated
as "canals," engineered waterways rather than natural features.
Percival Lowell, an American astronomer, theorized that a Martian
civilization had built the canals to carry water from the melting
polar ice caps to desert regions of the planet. Lowell spent many
years trying to convince others of the truth of his ideas.
Space Missions(USA and Russia):
Russia's Failures:
Sputnik 22: Flyby/Was to flyby Mars, but it broke into pieces right after launch. Pieces remained in Earth orbit for a few days before falling back through Earth's atmosphere.
Sputnik 24: Lander/Mars 1962B was designed to land on Mars. The spacecraft and booster system designed to transfer Mars 1962B to Mars trajectory broke up during that transfer. Pieces fell through the Earth's atmosphere in January 1963.
Russia's Successes:
Mars 2: Orbiter/Returned data until 1972 about Martian atmosphere, surface, gravity, magnetosphere and temperature.
USA Failures:
Mariner 3: Flyby/After launch from Earth, a protective shield failed to eject. This left all of the sensors covered.
Mariner 8: Flyby/Failed to reach orbit. The booster Mariner was attached to failed, causing the spacecraft to fall back through the Earth's atmosphere about 560 km north of Puerto Rico.
USA Successes:
Mariner 4: Flyby/First successful flyby of the planet Mars. Returned first pictures of Martian surface. Closest approach: 9912 km Returned: 22 images
Mars
Mars is fourth from the Sun and is 34 million miles from Earth. Mars atmosphere consists of 95.32% Carbon Dioxide, 2.7 Nitrogen, 0.13 Oxygen, 0.07 Carbon Monoxide, 0.03 Water Vapor, and Trace amounts of Neon, Krypton, Xenon, Ozone, and Methane. Mars weighs 1,415,037,029,833,630,027,874,304 pounds and Mars has 2 moons called Phobos and Deimos, they are proved to be asteroids that were captured by Mars gravitational pull and it has no rings. It takes 687 days or 1.8808476 years to go around the Sun and it takes 24 hours and 37 minutes for a day to go by.
Mars Myths and Legends
Mars was a major Roman deity second only to Jupiter in the Roman pantheon. He began as a protector of agriculture but later became the god of war, honored throughout the realm of the conquering Romans. The Romans admired Greek culture and absorbed Greek deities into their own. They came to identify their own war god, Mars, with the Greek war god, Ares, but Mars was a more dignified and popular figure. According to legend, Juno, the queen of the gods, gave birth to Mars after being touched by a magic plant. He was originally associated with vegetation and fertility. As the Romans became increasingly warlike, Mars gradually became the God of War.
One of the most enduring myths about Mars is that intelligent life
could be found there. Oddly enough, this notion began with a simple
mistake in translation. When Giovanni Schiaparelli, a nineteenth-century
Italian astronomer, described his view of the planet, he said he saw
canali, the Italian word for "channels." This was incorrectly translated
as "canals," engineered waterways rather than natural features.
Percival Lowell, an American astronomer, theorized that a Martian
civilization had built the canals to carry water from the melting
polar ice caps to desert regions of the planet. Lowell spent many
years trying to convince others of the truth of his ideas.
Space Missions(USA and Russia):
Russia's Failures:
Sputnik 22: Flyby/Was to flyby Mars, but it broke into pieces right after launch. Pieces remained in Earth orbit for a few days before falling back through Earth's atmosphere.
Sputnik 24: Lander/Mars 1962B was designed to land on Mars. The spacecraft and booster system designed to transfer Mars 1962B to Mars trajectory broke up during that transfer. Pieces fell through the Earth's atmosphere in January 1963.
Russia's Successes:
Mars 2: Orbiter/Returned data until 1972 about Martian atmosphere, surface, gravity, magnetosphere and temperature.
USA Failures:
Mariner 3: Flyby/After launch from Earth, a protective shield failed to eject. This left all of the sensors covered.
Mariner 8: Flyby/Failed to reach orbit. The booster Mariner was attached to failed, causing the spacecraft to fall back through the Earth's atmosphere about 560 km north of Puerto Rico.
USA Successes:
Mariner 4: Flyby/First successful flyby of the planet Mars. Returned first pictures of Martian surface. Closest approach: 9912 km Returned: 22 images